gaussian-splatting-my/envs/gaussian_splatting/Library/share/man/man3/hwlocality_cpubinding.3

.TH "hwlocality_cpubinding" 3 "Thu Sep 7 2023" "Version 2.9.3" "Hardware Locality (hwloc)" \" -*- nroff -*-
.ad l
.nh
.SH NAME
hwlocality_cpubinding \- CPU binding
.SH SYNOPSIS
.br
.PP
.SS "Enumerations"

.in +1c
.ti -1c
.RI "enum \fBhwloc_cpubind_flags_t\fP { \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_PROCESS\fP, \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP, \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_STRICT\fP, \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_NOMEMBIND\fP }"
.br
.in -1c
.SS "Functions"

.in +1c
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_set_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_get_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_set_proc_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_get_proc_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_set_thread_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_thread_t thread, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_get_thread_cpubind\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_thread_t thread, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_get_last_cpu_location\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.ti -1c
.RI "int \fBhwloc_get_proc_last_cpu_location\fP (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"
.br
.in -1c
.SH "Detailed Description"
.PP 
Some operating systems only support binding threads or processes to a single PU\&. Others allow binding to larger sets such as entire Cores or Packages or even random sets of individual PUs\&. In such operating system, the scheduler is free to run the task on one of these PU, then migrate it to another PU, etc\&. It is often useful to call \fBhwloc_bitmap_singlify()\fP on the target CPU set before passing it to the binding function to avoid these expensive migrations\&. See the documentation of \fBhwloc_bitmap_singlify()\fP for details\&.
.PP
Some operating systems do not provide all hwloc-supported mechanisms to bind processes, threads, etc\&. \fBhwloc_topology_get_support()\fP may be used to query about the actual CPU binding support in the currently used operating system\&.
.PP
When the requested binding operation is not available and the \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_STRICT\fP flag was passed, the function returns -1\&. \fCerrno\fP is set to \fCENOSYS\fP when it is not possible to bind the requested kind of object processes/threads\&. errno is set to \fCEXDEV\fP when the requested cpuset can not be enforced (e\&.g\&. some systems only allow one CPU, and some other systems only allow one NUMA node)\&.
.PP
If \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_STRICT\fP was not passed, the function may fail as well, or the operating system may use a slightly different operation (with side-effects, smaller binding set, etc\&.) when the requested operation is not exactly supported\&.
.PP
The most portable version that should be preferred over the others, whenever possible, is the following one which just binds the current program, assuming it is single-threaded:
.PP
.PP
.nf
hwloc_set_cpubind(topology, set, 0),
.fi
.PP
.PP
If the program may be multithreaded, the following one should be preferred to only bind the current thread:
.PP
.PP
.nf
hwloc_set_cpubind(topology, set, HWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD),
.fi
.PP
.PP
\fBSee also\fP
.RS 4
Some example codes are available under doc/examples/ in the source tree\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
To unbind, just call the binding function with either a full cpuset or a cpuset equal to the system cpuset\&.
.PP
On some operating systems, CPU binding may have effects on memory binding, see \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_NOMEMBIND\fP
.PP
Running lstopo --top or hwloc-ps can be a very convenient tool to check how binding actually happened\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SH "Enumeration Type Documentation"
.PP 
.SS "enum \fBhwloc_cpubind_flags_t\fP"

.PP
Process/Thread binding flags\&. These bit flags can be used to refine the binding policy\&.
.PP
The default (0) is to bind the current process, assumed to be single-threaded, in a non-strict way\&. This is the most portable way to bind as all operating systems usually provide it\&.
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
Not all systems support all kinds of binding\&. See the 'Detailed Description' section of \fBCPU binding\fP for a description of errors that can occur\&. 
.RE
.PP

.PP
\fBEnumerator\fP
.in +1c
.TP
\fB\fIHWLOC_CPUBIND_PROCESS \fP\fP
Bind all threads of the current (possibly) multithreaded process\&. 
.TP
\fB\fIHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD \fP\fP
Bind current thread of current process\&. 
.TP
\fB\fIHWLOC_CPUBIND_STRICT \fP\fP
Request for strict binding from the OS\&. By default, when the designated CPUs are all busy while other CPUs are idle, operating systems may execute the thread/process on those other CPUs instead of the designated CPUs, to let them progress anyway\&. Strict binding means that the thread/process will _never_ execute on other CPUs than the designated CPUs, even when those are busy with other tasks and other CPUs are idle\&.
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
Depending on the operating system, strict binding may not be possible (e\&.g\&., the OS does not implement it) or not allowed (e\&.g\&., for an administrative reasons), and the function will fail in that case\&.
.RE
.PP
When retrieving the binding of a process, this flag checks whether all its threads actually have the same binding\&. If the flag is not given, the binding of each thread will be accumulated\&.
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
This flag is meaningless when retrieving the binding of a thread\&. 
.RE
.PP

.TP
\fB\fIHWLOC_CPUBIND_NOMEMBIND \fP\fP
Avoid any effect on memory binding\&. On some operating systems, some CPU binding function would also bind the memory on the corresponding NUMA node\&. It is often not a problem for the application, but if it is, setting this flag will make hwloc avoid using OS functions that would also bind memory\&. This will however reduce the support of CPU bindings, i\&.e\&. potentially return -1 with errno set to \fCENOSYS\fP in some cases\&.
.PP
This flag is only meaningful when used with functions that set the CPU binding\&. It is ignored when used with functions that get CPU binding information\&. 
.SH "Function Documentation"
.PP 
.SS "int hwloc_get_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Get current process or thread binding\&. The CPU-set \fCset\fP (previously allocated by the caller) is filled with the list of PUs which the process or thread (according to \fIflags\fP) was last bound to\&.
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_get_last_cpu_location (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Get the last physical CPU where the current process or thread ran\&. The CPU-set \fCset\fP (previously allocated by the caller) is filled with the list of PUs which the process or thread (according to \fIflags\fP) last ran on\&.
.PP
The operating system may move some tasks from one processor to another at any time according to their binding, so this function may return something that is already outdated\&.
.PP
\fCflags\fP can include either \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_PROCESS\fP or \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP to specify whether the query should be for the whole process (union of all CPUs on which all threads are running), or only the current thread\&. If the process is single-threaded, flags can be set to zero to let hwloc use whichever method is available on the underlying OS\&.
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_get_proc_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Get the current physical binding of process \fCpid\fP\&. The CPU-set \fCset\fP (previously allocated by the caller) is filled with the list of PUs which the process was last bound to\&.
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
\fChwloc_pid_t\fP is \fCpid_t\fP on Unix platforms, and \fCHANDLE\fP on native Windows platforms\&.
.PP
As a special case on Linux, if a tid (thread ID) is supplied instead of a pid (process ID) and HWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD is passed in flags, the binding for that specific thread is returned\&.
.PP
On non-Linux systems, HWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD can not be used in \fCflags\fP\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_get_proc_last_cpu_location (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Get the last physical CPU where a process ran\&. The CPU-set \fCset\fP (previously allocated by the caller) is filled with the list of PUs which the process last ran on\&.
.PP
The operating system may move some tasks from one processor to another at any time according to their binding, so this function may return something that is already outdated\&.
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
\fChwloc_pid_t\fP is \fCpid_t\fP on Unix platforms, and \fCHANDLE\fP on native Windows platforms\&.
.PP
As a special case on Linux, if a tid (thread ID) is supplied instead of a pid (process ID) and \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP is passed in flags, the last CPU location of that specific thread is returned\&.
.PP
On non-Linux systems, \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP can not be used in \fCflags\fP\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_get_thread_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_thread_t thread, \fBhwloc_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Get the current physical binding of thread \fCtid\fP\&. The CPU-set \fCset\fP (previously allocated by the caller) is filled with the list of PUs which the thread was last bound to\&.
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
\fChwloc_thread_t\fP is \fCpthread_t\fP on Unix platforms, and \fCHANDLE\fP on native Windows platforms\&.
.PP
\fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_PROCESS\fP can not be used in \fCflags\fP\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_set_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Bind current process or thread on CPUs given in physical bitmap \fCset\fP\&. 
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success\&. 
.PP
-1 with errno set to \fCENOSYS\fP if the action is not supported\&. 
.PP
-1 with errno set to \fCEXDEV\fP if the binding cannot be enforced\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_set_proc_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_pid_t pid, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Bind a process \fCpid\fP on CPUs given in physical bitmap \fCset\fP\&. 
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
\fChwloc_pid_t\fP is \fCpid_t\fP on Unix platforms, and \fCHANDLE\fP on native Windows platforms\&.
.PP
As a special case on Linux, if a tid (thread ID) is supplied instead of a pid (process ID) and \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP is passed in flags, the binding is applied to that specific thread\&.
.PP
On non-Linux systems, \fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_THREAD\fP can not be used in \fCflags\fP\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SS "int hwloc_set_thread_cpubind (\fBhwloc_topology_t\fP topology, hwloc_thread_t thread, \fBhwloc_const_cpuset_t\fP set, int flags)"

.PP
Bind a thread \fCthread\fP on CPUs given in physical bitmap \fCset\fP\&. 
.PP
\fBReturns\fP
.RS 4
0 on success, -1 on error\&.
.RE
.PP
\fBNote\fP
.RS 4
\fChwloc_thread_t\fP is \fCpthread_t\fP on Unix platforms, and \fCHANDLE\fP on native Windows platforms\&.
.PP
\fBHWLOC_CPUBIND_PROCESS\fP can not be used in \fCflags\fP\&. 
.RE
.PP

.SH "Author"
.PP 
Generated automatically by Doxygen for Hardware Locality (hwloc) from the source code\&.