soft_bus/rocksdb/db/compaction/compaction_service_job.cc

//  Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
//
//  This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
//  COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
//  (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
//
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.

#include "db/compaction/compaction_job.h"
#include "db/compaction/compaction_state.h"
#include "logging/logging.h"
#include "monitoring/iostats_context_imp.h"
#include "monitoring/thread_status_util.h"
#include "options/options_helper.h"
#include "rocksdb/utilities/options_type.h"

namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
class SubcompactionState;

CompactionServiceJobStatus
CompactionJob::ProcessKeyValueCompactionWithCompactionService(
    SubcompactionState* sub_compact) {
  assert(sub_compact);
  assert(sub_compact->compaction);
  assert(db_options_.compaction_service);

  const Compaction* compaction = sub_compact->compaction;
  CompactionServiceInput compaction_input;
  compaction_input.output_level = compaction->output_level();
  compaction_input.db_id = db_id_;

  const std::vector<CompactionInputFiles>& inputs =
      *(compact_->compaction->inputs());
  for (const auto& files_per_level : inputs) {
    for (const auto& file : files_per_level.files) {
      compaction_input.input_files.emplace_back(
          MakeTableFileName(file->fd.GetNumber()));
    }
  }

  compaction_input.cf_name = compaction->column_family_data()->GetName();
  compaction_input.snapshots = job_context_->snapshot_seqs;
  compaction_input.has_begin = sub_compact->start.has_value();
  compaction_input.begin =
      compaction_input.has_begin ? sub_compact->start->ToString() : "";
  compaction_input.has_end = sub_compact->end.has_value();
  compaction_input.end =
      compaction_input.has_end ? sub_compact->end->ToString() : "";
  compaction_input.options_file_number = options_file_number_;

  TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK(
      "CompactionServiceJob::ProcessKeyValueCompactionWithCompactionService",
      &compaction_input);

  std::string compaction_input_binary;
  Status s = compaction_input.Write(&compaction_input_binary);
  if (!s.ok()) {
    sub_compact->status = s;
    return CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure;
  }

  std::ostringstream input_files_oss;
  bool is_first_one = true;
  for (const auto& file : compaction_input.input_files) {
    input_files_oss << (is_first_one ? "" : ", ") << file;
    is_first_one = false;
  }

  ROCKS_LOG_INFO(
      db_options_.info_log,
      "[%s] [JOB %d] Starting remote compaction (output level: %d): %s",
      compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_,
      compaction_input.output_level, input_files_oss.str().c_str());
  CompactionServiceJobInfo info(
      dbname_, db_id_, db_session_id_,
      compaction->column_family_data()->GetID(),
      compaction->column_family_data()->GetName(), GetCompactionId(sub_compact),
      thread_pri_, compaction->compaction_reason(),
      compaction->is_full_compaction(), compaction->is_manual_compaction(),
      compaction->bottommost_level(), compaction->start_level(),
      compaction->output_level());

  CompactionServiceScheduleResponse response =
      db_options_.compaction_service->Schedule(info, compaction_input_binary);
  switch (response.status) {
    case CompactionServiceJobStatus::kSuccess:
      break;
    case CompactionServiceJobStatus::kAborted:
      sub_compact->status =
          Status::Aborted("Scheduling a remote compaction job was aborted");
      ROCKS_LOG_WARN(
          db_options_.info_log,
          "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction was aborted at Schedule()",
          compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_);
      return response.status;
    case CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure:
      sub_compact->status = Status::Incomplete(
          "CompactionService failed to schedule a remote compaction job.");
      ROCKS_LOG_WARN(db_options_.info_log,
                     "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction failed to start.",
                     compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(),
                     job_id_);
      return response.status;
    case CompactionServiceJobStatus::kUseLocal:
      ROCKS_LOG_INFO(
          db_options_.info_log,
          "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction fallback to local by API (Schedule)",
          compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_);
      return response.status;
    default:
      assert(false);  // unknown status
      break;
  }

  std::string debug_str_before_wait =
      compaction->input_version()->DebugString(/*hex=*/true);

  ROCKS_LOG_INFO(db_options_.info_log,
                 "[%s] [JOB %d] Waiting for remote compaction...",
                 compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_);
  std::string compaction_result_binary;
  CompactionServiceJobStatus compaction_status =
      db_options_.compaction_service->Wait(response.scheduled_job_id,
                                           &compaction_result_binary);

  if (compaction_status != CompactionServiceJobStatus::kSuccess) {
    ROCKS_LOG_ERROR(
        db_options_.info_log,
        "[%s] [JOB %d] Wait() status is not kSuccess. "
        "\nDebugString Before Wait():\n%s"
        "\nDebugString After Wait():\n%s",
        compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_,
        debug_str_before_wait.c_str(),
        compaction->input_version()->DebugString(/*hex=*/true).c_str());
  }

  if (compaction_status == CompactionServiceJobStatus::kUseLocal) {
    ROCKS_LOG_INFO(
        db_options_.info_log,
        "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction fallback to local by API (Wait)",
        compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_);
    return compaction_status;
  }

  if (compaction_status == CompactionServiceJobStatus::kAborted) {
    sub_compact->status =
        Status::Aborted("Waiting a remote compaction job was aborted");
    ROCKS_LOG_INFO(db_options_.info_log,
                   "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction was aborted during Wait()",
                   compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(),
                   job_id_);
    return compaction_status;
  }

  CompactionServiceResult compaction_result;
  s = CompactionServiceResult::Read(compaction_result_binary,
                                    &compaction_result);

  if (compaction_status == CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure) {
    if (s.ok()) {
      if (compaction_result.status.ok()) {
        sub_compact->status = Status::Incomplete(
            "CompactionService failed to run the compaction job (even though "
            "the internal status is okay).");
      } else {
        // set the current sub compaction status with the status returned from
        // remote
        sub_compact->status = compaction_result.status;
      }
    } else {
      sub_compact->status = Status::Incomplete(
          "CompactionService failed to run the compaction job (and no valid "
          "result is returned).");
      compaction_result.status.PermitUncheckedError();
    }
    ROCKS_LOG_WARN(
        db_options_.info_log, "[%s] [JOB %d] Remote compaction failed.",
        compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_);
    return compaction_status;
  }

  // CompactionServiceJobStatus::kSuccess was returned, but somehow we failed to
  // read the result. Consider this as an installation failure
  if (!s.ok()) {
    sub_compact->status = s;
    compaction_result.status.PermitUncheckedError();
    db_options_.compaction_service->OnInstallation(
        response.scheduled_job_id, CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure);
    return CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure;
  }
  sub_compact->status = compaction_result.status;

  std::ostringstream output_files_oss;
  is_first_one = true;
  for (const auto& file : compaction_result.output_files) {
    output_files_oss << (is_first_one ? "" : ", ") << file.file_name;
    is_first_one = false;
  }

  ROCKS_LOG_INFO(
      db_options_.info_log,
      "[%s] [JOB %d] Received remote compaction result, output path: "
      "%s, files: %s",
      compaction->column_family_data()->GetName().c_str(), job_id_,
      compaction_result.output_path.c_str(), output_files_oss.str().c_str());

  // Installation Starts
  for (const auto& file : compaction_result.output_files) {
    uint64_t file_num = versions_->NewFileNumber();
    auto src_file = compaction_result.output_path + "/" + file.file_name;
    auto tgt_file = TableFileName(compaction->immutable_options().cf_paths,
                                  file_num, compaction->output_path_id());
    s = fs_->RenameFile(src_file, tgt_file, IOOptions(), nullptr);
    if (!s.ok()) {
      sub_compact->status = s;
      db_options_.compaction_service->OnInstallation(
          response.scheduled_job_id, CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure);
      return CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure;
    }

    FileMetaData meta;
    uint64_t file_size = file.file_size;

    // TODO - Clean this up in the next release.
    // For backward compatibility - in case the remote worker does not populate
    // the file_size yet. If missing, continue to populate this from the file
    // system.
    if (file_size == 0) {
      s = fs_->GetFileSize(tgt_file, IOOptions(), &file_size, nullptr);
    }

    if (!s.ok()) {
      sub_compact->status = s;
      db_options_.compaction_service->OnInstallation(
          response.scheduled_job_id, CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure);
      return CompactionServiceJobStatus::kFailure;
    }
    assert(file_size > 0);

    meta.fd = FileDescriptor(file_num, compaction->output_path_id(), file_size,
                             file.smallest_seqno, file.largest_seqno);
    meta.smallest.DecodeFrom(file.smallest_internal_key);
    meta.largest.DecodeFrom(file.largest_internal_key);
    meta.oldest_ancester_time = file.oldest_ancester_time;
    meta.file_creation_time = file.file_creation_time;
    meta.epoch_number = file.epoch_number;
    meta.file_checksum = file.file_checksum;
    meta.file_checksum_func_name = file.file_checksum_func_name;
    meta.marked_for_compaction = file.marked_for_compaction;
    meta.unique_id = file.unique_id;
    meta.temperature = file.file_temperature;
    meta.tail_size =
        FileMetaData::CalculateTailSize(file_size, file.table_properties);
    auto cfd = compaction->column_family_data();
    CompactionOutputs* compaction_outputs =
        sub_compact->Outputs(file.is_proximal_level_output);
    assert(compaction_outputs);
    compaction_outputs->AddOutput(std::move(meta), cfd->internal_comparator(),
                                  false, true, file.paranoid_hash);
    compaction_outputs->UpdateTableProperties(file.table_properties);
  }

  // Set per-level stats
  auto compaction_output_stats =
      sub_compact->OutputStats(false /* is_proximal_level */);
  assert(compaction_output_stats);
  compaction_output_stats->Add(
      compaction_result.internal_stats.output_level_stats);
  if (compaction->SupportsPerKeyPlacement()) {
    compaction_output_stats =
        sub_compact->OutputStats(true /* is_proximal_level */);
    assert(compaction_output_stats);
    compaction_output_stats->Add(
        compaction_result.internal_stats.proximal_level_stats);
  }

  // Set job stats
  sub_compact->compaction_job_stats = compaction_result.stats;

  RecordTick(stats_, REMOTE_COMPACT_READ_BYTES, compaction_result.bytes_read);
  RecordTick(stats_, REMOTE_COMPACT_WRITE_BYTES,
             compaction_result.bytes_written);
  db_options_.compaction_service->OnInstallation(
      response.scheduled_job_id, CompactionServiceJobStatus::kSuccess);
  return CompactionServiceJobStatus::kSuccess;
}

std::string CompactionServiceCompactionJob::GetTableFileName(
    uint64_t file_number) {
  return MakeTableFileName(output_path_, file_number);
}

void CompactionServiceCompactionJob::RecordCompactionIOStats() {
  compaction_result_->bytes_read += IOSTATS(bytes_read);
  compaction_result_->bytes_written += IOSTATS(bytes_written);
  CompactionJob::RecordCompactionIOStats();
}

CompactionServiceCompactionJob::CompactionServiceCompactionJob(
    int job_id, Compaction* compaction, const ImmutableDBOptions& db_options,
    const MutableDBOptions& mutable_db_options, const FileOptions& file_options,
    VersionSet* versions, const std::atomic<bool>* shutting_down,
    LogBuffer* log_buffer, FSDirectory* output_directory, Statistics* stats,
    InstrumentedMutex* db_mutex, ErrorHandler* db_error_handler,
    JobContext* job_context, std::shared_ptr<Cache> table_cache,
    EventLogger* event_logger, const std::string& dbname,
    const std::shared_ptr<IOTracer>& io_tracer,
    const std::atomic<bool>& manual_compaction_canceled,
    const std::string& db_id, const std::string& db_session_id,
    std::string output_path,
    const CompactionServiceInput& compaction_service_input,
    CompactionServiceResult* compaction_service_result)
    : CompactionJob(job_id, compaction, db_options, mutable_db_options,
                    file_options, versions, shutting_down, log_buffer, nullptr,
                    output_directory, nullptr, stats, db_mutex,
                    db_error_handler, job_context, std::move(table_cache),
                    event_logger,
                    compaction->mutable_cf_options().paranoid_file_checks,
                    compaction->mutable_cf_options().report_bg_io_stats, dbname,
                    &(compaction_service_result->stats), Env::Priority::USER,
                    io_tracer, manual_compaction_canceled, db_id, db_session_id,
                    compaction->column_family_data()->GetFullHistoryTsLow()),
      output_path_(std::move(output_path)),
      compaction_input_(compaction_service_input),
      compaction_result_(compaction_service_result) {}

void CompactionServiceCompactionJob::Prepare(
    const CompactionProgress& compaction_progress,
    log::Writer* compaction_progress_writer) {
  std::optional<Slice> begin;
  if (compaction_input_.has_begin) {
    begin = compaction_input_.begin;
  }
  std::optional<Slice> end;
  if (compaction_input_.has_end) {
    end = compaction_input_.end;
  }
  CompactionJob::Prepare(std::make_pair(begin, end), compaction_progress,
                         compaction_progress_writer);
}

Status CompactionServiceCompactionJob::Run() {
  AutoThreadOperationStageUpdater stage_updater(
      ThreadStatus::STAGE_COMPACTION_RUN);

  auto* c = compact_->compaction;

  log_buffer_->FlushBufferToLog();
  LogCompaction();

  compaction_result_->stats.Reset();

  const uint64_t start_micros = db_options_.clock->NowMicros();
  c->GetOrInitInputTableProperties();

  // Pick the only sub-compaction we should have
  assert(compact_->sub_compact_states.size() == 1);
  SubcompactionState* sub_compact = compact_->sub_compact_states.data();

  ProcessKeyValueCompaction(sub_compact);

  uint64_t elapsed_micros = db_options_.clock->NowMicros() - start_micros;
  internal_stats_.SetMicros(elapsed_micros);
  internal_stats_.AddCpuMicros(elapsed_micros);

  RecordTimeToHistogram(stats_, COMPACTION_TIME,
                        internal_stats_.output_level_stats.micros);
  RecordTimeToHistogram(stats_, COMPACTION_CPU_TIME,
                        internal_stats_.output_level_stats.cpu_micros);

  Status status = sub_compact->status;
  IOStatus io_s = sub_compact->io_status;

  if (io_status_.ok()) {
    io_status_ = io_s;
  }

  if (status.ok()) {
    constexpr IODebugContext* dbg = nullptr;

    if (output_directory_) {
      io_s = output_directory_->FsyncWithDirOptions(IOOptions(), dbg,
                                                    DirFsyncOptions());
    }
  }
  if (io_status_.ok()) {
    io_status_ = io_s;
  }
  if (status.ok()) {
    status = io_s;
  }

  LogFlush(db_options_.info_log);
  compact_->status = status;
  compact_->status.PermitUncheckedError();

  // Build Compaction Job Stats

  // 1. Aggregate internal stats and job stats for all subcompactions
  // internal stats: sub_compact.proximal_level_outputs_.stats and
  //                 sub_compact.compaction_outputs_.stats into
  //                 internal_stats_.output_level_stats and
  //                 internal_stats_.proximal_level_stats
  // job-level stats: sub_compact.compaction_job_stats into compact.job_stats_
  //
  // For remote compaction, there's only one subcompaction.
  compact_->AggregateCompactionStats(internal_stats_, *job_stats_);

  // 2. Update job-level output stats with the aggregated internal_stats_
  // Please note that input stats will be updated by primary host when all
  // subcompactions are finished
  UpdateCompactionJobOutputStatsFromInternalStats(status, internal_stats_);
  // and set fields that are not propagated as part of the update
  compaction_result_->stats.is_manual_compaction = c->is_manual_compaction();
  compaction_result_->stats.is_full_compaction = c->is_full_compaction();
  compaction_result_->stats.is_remote_compaction = true;

  // 3. Update IO Stats that are not part of the the update above
  // (bytes_read, bytes_written)
  RecordCompactionIOStats();

  // Build Output
  compaction_result_->internal_stats = internal_stats_;
  compaction_result_->output_level = compact_->compaction->output_level();
  compaction_result_->output_path = output_path_;
  if (status.ok()) {
    for (const auto& output_file : sub_compact->GetOutputs()) {
      auto& meta = output_file.meta;
      compaction_result_->output_files.emplace_back(
          MakeTableFileName(meta.fd.GetNumber()), meta.fd.GetFileSize(),
          meta.fd.smallest_seqno, meta.fd.largest_seqno,
          meta.smallest.Encode().ToString(), meta.largest.Encode().ToString(),
          meta.oldest_ancester_time, meta.file_creation_time, meta.epoch_number,
          meta.file_checksum, meta.file_checksum_func_name,
          output_file.validator.GetHash(), meta.marked_for_compaction,
          meta.unique_id, *output_file.table_properties,
          output_file.is_proximal_level, meta.temperature);
    }
  }

  TEST_SYNC_POINT_CALLBACK("CompactionServiceCompactionJob::Run:0",
                           &compaction_result_);
  return status;
}

void CompactionServiceCompactionJob::CleanupCompaction() {
  CompactionJob::CleanupCompaction();
}

// Internal binary format for the input and result data
enum BinaryFormatVersion : uint32_t {
  kOptionsString = 1,  // Use string format similar to Option string format
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo> cfd_type_info = {
    {"name",
     {offsetof(struct ColumnFamilyDescriptor, name), OptionType::kEncodedString,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"options",
     {offsetof(struct ColumnFamilyDescriptor, options),
      OptionType::kConfigurable, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
         const std::string& value, void* addr) {
        auto cf_options = static_cast<ColumnFamilyOptions*>(addr);
        return GetColumnFamilyOptionsFromString(opts, ColumnFamilyOptions(),
                                                value, cf_options);
      },
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
         const void* addr, std::string* value) {
        const auto cf_options = static_cast<const ColumnFamilyOptions*>(addr);
        std::string result;
        auto status =
            GetStringFromColumnFamilyOptions(opts, *cf_options, &result);
        *value = "{" + result + "}";
        return status;
      },
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& name, const void* addr1,
         const void* addr2, std::string* mismatch) {
        const auto this_one = static_cast<const ColumnFamilyOptions*>(addr1);
        const auto that_one = static_cast<const ColumnFamilyOptions*>(addr2);
        auto this_conf = CFOptionsAsConfigurable(*this_one);
        auto that_conf = CFOptionsAsConfigurable(*that_one);
        std::string mismatch_opt;
        bool result =
            this_conf->AreEquivalent(opts, that_conf.get(), &mismatch_opt);
        if (!result) {
          *mismatch = name + "." + mismatch_opt;
        }
        return result;
      }}},
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo> cs_input_type_info = {
    {"cf_name",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, cf_name),
      OptionType::kEncodedString}},
    {"snapshots", OptionTypeInfo::Vector<uint64_t>(
                      offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, snapshots),
                      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
                      {0, OptionType::kUInt64T})},
    {"input_files", OptionTypeInfo::Vector<std::string>(
                        offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, input_files),
                        OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
                        {0, OptionType::kEncodedString})},
    {"output_level",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, output_level), OptionType::kInt,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"db_id",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, db_id),
      OptionType::kEncodedString}},
    {"has_begin",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, has_begin), OptionType::kBoolean,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"begin",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, begin),
      OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"has_end",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, has_end), OptionType::kBoolean,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"end",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, end), OptionType::kEncodedString,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"options_file_number",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceInput, options_file_number),
      OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
    cs_output_file_type_info = {
        {"file_name",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_name),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_size",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_size),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"smallest_seqno",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, smallest_seqno),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"largest_seqno",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, largest_seqno),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"smallest_internal_key",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, smallest_internal_key),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"largest_internal_key",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, largest_internal_key),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"oldest_ancester_time",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, oldest_ancester_time),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_creation_time",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_creation_time),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"epoch_number",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, epoch_number),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_checksum",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_checksum),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_checksum_func_name",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_checksum_func_name),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"paranoid_hash",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, paranoid_hash),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"marked_for_compaction",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, marked_for_compaction),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"unique_id",
         OptionTypeInfo::Array<uint64_t, 2>(
             offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, unique_id),
             OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
             {0, OptionType::kUInt64T})},
        {"table_properties",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, table_properties),
          OptionType::kStruct, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
          [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
             const std::string& value, void* addr) {
            auto table_properties = static_cast<TableProperties*>(addr);
            return TableProperties::Parse(opts, value, table_properties);
          },
          [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
             const void* addr, std::string* value) {
            const auto table_properties =
                static_cast<const TableProperties*>(addr);
            std::string result;
            auto status = table_properties->Serialize(opts, &result);
            *value = "{" + result + "}";
            return status;
          },
          [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
             const void* addr1, const void* addr2, std::string* mismatch) {
            const auto this_one = static_cast<const TableProperties*>(addr1);
            const auto that_one = static_cast<const TableProperties*>(addr2);
            return this_one->AreEqual(opts, that_one, mismatch);
          }}},
        {"is_proximal_level_output",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile,
                   is_proximal_level_output),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_temperature",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceOutputFile, file_temperature),
          OptionType::kTemperature, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}}};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
    compaction_job_stats_type_info = {
        {"elapsed_micros",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, elapsed_micros),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"cpu_micros",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, cpu_micros), OptionType::kUInt64T,
          OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_records",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_input_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_blobs_read",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_blobs_read),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_files",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_input_files),
          OptionType::kSizeT, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_files_at_output_level",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_input_files_at_output_level),
          OptionType::kSizeT, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_records",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_output_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_files",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_output_files),
          OptionType::kSizeT, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_files_blob",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_output_files_blob),
          OptionType::kSizeT, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"is_full_compaction",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, is_full_compaction),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"is_manual_compaction",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, is_manual_compaction),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"is_remote_compaction",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, is_remote_compaction),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_input_bytes",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_input_bytes),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_blob_bytes_read",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_blob_bytes_read),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_output_bytes",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_output_bytes),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_output_bytes_blob",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_output_bytes_blob),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_records_replaced",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_records_replaced),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_input_raw_key_bytes",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_input_raw_key_bytes),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"total_input_raw_value_bytes",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, total_input_raw_value_bytes),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_deletion_records",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_input_deletion_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_expired_deletion_records",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_expired_deletion_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_corrupt_keys",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_corrupt_keys),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_write_nanos",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, file_write_nanos),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_range_sync_nanos",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, file_range_sync_nanos),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_fsync_nanos",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, file_fsync_nanos),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"file_prepare_write_nanos",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, file_prepare_write_nanos),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"smallest_output_key_prefix",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, smallest_output_key_prefix),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"largest_output_key_prefix",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, largest_output_key_prefix),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_single_del_fallthru",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_single_del_fallthru),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_single_del_mismatch",
         {offsetof(struct CompactionJobStats, num_single_del_mismatch),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
    compaction_stats_type_info = {
        {"micros",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, micros),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"cpu_micros",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, cpu_micros),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_read_non_output_levels",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   bytes_read_non_output_levels),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_read_output_level",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   bytes_read_output_level),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_skipped_non_output_levels",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   bytes_skipped_non_output_levels),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_skipped_output_level",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   bytes_skipped_output_level),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_read_blob",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, bytes_read_blob),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_written",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, bytes_written),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_written_blob",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, bytes_written_blob),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"bytes_moved",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, bytes_moved),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_files_in_non_output_levels",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   num_input_files_in_non_output_levels),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_files_in_output_level",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   num_input_files_in_output_level),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_filtered_input_files_in_non_output_levels",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   num_filtered_input_files_in_non_output_levels),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_filtered_input_files_in_output_level",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   num_filtered_input_files_in_output_level),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_files",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, num_output_files),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_files_blob",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats,
                   num_output_files_blob),
          OptionType::kInt, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_input_records",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, num_input_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_dropped_records",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, num_dropped_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"num_output_records",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, num_output_records),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"count",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, count),
          OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"counts", OptionTypeInfo::Array<
                       int, static_cast<int>(CompactionReason::kNumOfReasons)>(
                       offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStats, counts),
                       OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
                       {0, OptionType::kInt})},
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
    compaction_internal_stats_type_info = {
        {"output_level_stats",
         OptionTypeInfo::Struct(
             "output_level_stats", &compaction_stats_type_info,
             offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStatsFull,
                      output_level_stats),
             OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone)},
        {"has_proximal_level_output",
         {offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStatsFull,
                   has_proximal_level_output),
          OptionType::kBoolean, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"proximal_level_stats",
         OptionTypeInfo::Struct(
             "proximal_level_stats", &compaction_stats_type_info,
             offsetof(struct InternalStats::CompactionStatsFull,
                      proximal_level_stats),
             OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone)},
};

namespace {
// this is a helper struct to serialize and deserialize class Status, because
// Status's members are not public.
struct StatusSerializationAdapter {
  uint8_t code;
  uint8_t subcode;
  uint8_t severity;
  std::string message;

  StatusSerializationAdapter() = default;
  explicit StatusSerializationAdapter(const Status& s) {
    code = s.code();
    subcode = s.subcode();
    severity = s.severity();
    auto msg = s.getState();
    message = msg ? msg : "";
  }

  Status GetStatus() const {
    return Status{static_cast<Status::Code>(code),
                  static_cast<Status::SubCode>(subcode),
                  static_cast<Status::Severity>(severity), message};
  }
};
}  // namespace

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo>
    status_adapter_type_info = {
        {"code",
         {offsetof(struct StatusSerializationAdapter, code),
          OptionType::kUInt8T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"subcode",
         {offsetof(struct StatusSerializationAdapter, subcode),
          OptionType::kUInt8T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"severity",
         {offsetof(struct StatusSerializationAdapter, severity),
          OptionType::kUInt8T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
        {"message",
         {offsetof(struct StatusSerializationAdapter, message),
          OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
          OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
};

static std::unordered_map<std::string, OptionTypeInfo> cs_result_type_info = {
    {"status",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, status),
      OptionType::kCustomizable, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
         const std::string& value, void* addr) {
        auto status_obj = static_cast<Status*>(addr);
        StatusSerializationAdapter adapter;
        Status s = OptionTypeInfo::ParseType(
            opts, value, status_adapter_type_info, &adapter);
        *status_obj = adapter.GetStatus();
        return s;
      },
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
         const void* addr, std::string* value) {
        const auto status_obj = static_cast<const Status*>(addr);
        StatusSerializationAdapter adapter(*status_obj);
        std::string result;
        Status s = OptionTypeInfo::SerializeType(opts, status_adapter_type_info,
                                                 &adapter, &result);
        *value = "{" + result + "}";
        return s;
      },
      [](const ConfigOptions& opts, const std::string& /*name*/,
         const void* addr1, const void* addr2, std::string* mismatch) {
        const auto status1 = static_cast<const Status*>(addr1);
        const auto status2 = static_cast<const Status*>(addr2);

        StatusSerializationAdapter adatper1(*status1);
        StatusSerializationAdapter adapter2(*status2);
        return OptionTypeInfo::TypesAreEqual(opts, status_adapter_type_info,
                                             &adatper1, &adapter2, mismatch);
      }}},
    {"output_files",
     OptionTypeInfo::Vector<CompactionServiceOutputFile>(
         offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, output_files),
         OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone,
         OptionTypeInfo::Struct("output_files", &cs_output_file_type_info, 0,
                                OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
                                OptionTypeFlags::kNone))},
    {"output_level",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, output_level), OptionType::kInt,
      OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"output_path",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, output_path),
      OptionType::kEncodedString, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"bytes_read",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, bytes_read),
      OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"bytes_written",
     {offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, bytes_written),
      OptionType::kUInt64T, OptionVerificationType::kNormal,
      OptionTypeFlags::kNone}},
    {"stats", OptionTypeInfo::Struct(
                  "stats", &compaction_job_stats_type_info,
                  offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, stats),
                  OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone)},
    {"internal_stats",
     OptionTypeInfo::Struct(
         "internal_stats", &compaction_internal_stats_type_info,
         offsetof(struct CompactionServiceResult, internal_stats),
         OptionVerificationType::kNormal, OptionTypeFlags::kNone)},
};

Status CompactionServiceInput::Read(const std::string& data_str,
                                    CompactionServiceInput* obj) {
  if (data_str.size() <= sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)) {
    return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid CompactionServiceInput string");
  }
  auto format_version = DecodeFixed32(data_str.data());
  if (format_version == kOptionsString) {
    ConfigOptions cf;
    cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
    cf.ignore_unknown_options = true;
    return OptionTypeInfo::ParseType(
        cf, data_str.substr(sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)), cs_input_type_info,
        obj);
  } else {
    return Status::NotSupported(
        "Compaction Service Input data version not supported: " +
        std::to_string(format_version));
  }
}

Status CompactionServiceInput::Write(std::string* output) {
  char buf[sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)];
  EncodeFixed32(buf, kOptionsString);
  output->append(buf, sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion));
  ConfigOptions cf;
  cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
  return OptionTypeInfo::SerializeType(cf, cs_input_type_info, this, output);
}

Status CompactionServiceResult::Read(const std::string& data_str,
                                     CompactionServiceResult* obj) {
  if (data_str.size() <= sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)) {
    return Status::InvalidArgument("Invalid CompactionServiceResult string");
  }
  auto format_version = DecodeFixed32(data_str.data());
  if (format_version == kOptionsString) {
    ConfigOptions cf;
    cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
    cf.ignore_unknown_options = true;
    return OptionTypeInfo::ParseType(
        cf, data_str.substr(sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)), cs_result_type_info,
        obj);
  } else {
    return Status::NotSupported(
        "Compaction Service Result data version not supported: " +
        std::to_string(format_version));
  }
}

Status CompactionServiceResult::Write(std::string* output) {
  char buf[sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion)];
  EncodeFixed32(buf, kOptionsString);
  output->append(buf, sizeof(BinaryFormatVersion));
  ConfigOptions cf;
  cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
  return OptionTypeInfo::SerializeType(cf, cs_result_type_info, this, output);
}

#ifndef NDEBUG
bool CompactionServiceResult::TEST_Equals(CompactionServiceResult* other) {
  std::string mismatch;
  return TEST_Equals(other, &mismatch);
}

bool CompactionServiceResult::TEST_Equals(CompactionServiceResult* other,
                                          std::string* mismatch) {
  ConfigOptions cf;
  cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
  return OptionTypeInfo::TypesAreEqual(cf, cs_result_type_info, this, other,
                                       mismatch);
}

bool CompactionServiceInput::TEST_Equals(CompactionServiceInput* other) {
  std::string mismatch;
  return TEST_Equals(other, &mismatch);
}

bool CompactionServiceInput::TEST_Equals(CompactionServiceInput* other,
                                         std::string* mismatch) {
  ConfigOptions cf;
  cf.invoke_prepare_options = false;
  return OptionTypeInfo::TypesAreEqual(cf, cs_input_type_info, this, other,
                                       mismatch);
}
#endif  // NDEBUG
}  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE